CNC lathe is a high-precision and high-efficiency machine tool. It undoubtedly plays an irreplaceable role in meeting the high requirements of modern industrial production. In the CNC lathe processing process, the choice of cutting tools directly affects the processing quality, processing efficiency and energy consumption, so the correct selection of cutting tools is crucial. This article will explain how to choose the right tool from the aspects of the form, material, edge shape and edge angle of CNC lathe tools, improve the efficiency and quality of CNC lathe processing, and reduce processing costs.

1. Selection of tool form

The forms of CNC lathe tools are mainly divided into integral tool holders, machine blades and reaming drill bits. Appropriate tools should be selected based on the geometry, surface quality requirements and hole size requirements of the workpiece. Integral tool holders are suitable for processing flat surfaces, machine blades are generally used on curved, U-shaped and other complex-shaped parts, and reaming drill bits are mainly used for processing threaded holes. When selecting a specific tool form, factors such as the working life and processing cost of the tool itself should also be considered.

2. Selection of tool material

The hardness, toughness and high temperature corrosion resistance of tool materials are key factors to pay attention to when selecting tools. Common CNC lathe tool materials include high-speed steel, beryllium copper alloy, tungsten carbide, etc. Generally speaking, high-speed steel is moderately priced, has high hardness and toughness, and is suitable for conventional processing situations; beryllium copper alloy has excellent high-temperature corrosion resistance and is suitable for processing workpieces such as high-temperature and welding materials; tungsten carbide cutting tools have the highest hardness CNC tools with high performance and longest life, suitable for processing super-hard materials.

3. Selection of cutting edge shape

The shape of the cutting edge depends on the parts of the workpiece and the processing requirements. Different shapes such as flat cutting edge, arc cutting edge, chamfering cutting edge, and tapered cutting edge can be selected. When processing some smaller or thin workpieces, you can choose a flat edge; while for curved and turning parts, you need to choose an arc edge or chamfer edge, and the tapered edge is suitable for long hole processing.

4. Selection of cutting edge angle

The cutting edge angle is usually divided into two types: rake angle and back angle. Tools with large rake angles are easier to cut into the workpiece, but in order to maintain the strength of the blade while taking into account the cutting force, the rake angle should not be too large. Tools with large clearance angles have less cutting force, but thermal cracking often occurs on the broken edge surface, which shortens the life of the cutting edge, so the clearance angle should not be too large.

In short, reasonable selection of CNC lathe tools can improve processing efficiency and quality and reduce processing costs. When selecting a tool, you should comprehensively consider the workpiece's geometry, surface quality requirements and hole size requirements, as well as key factors such as the tool's form, material, edge shape and edge angle, so as to select the most suitable tool to achieve better results. processing effect.